Pathogen: An infectious micro-organism or other agent that causes disease
Prokaryotic: Cell that has no membrane-bound nucleus or membrane-bound organelles
Eukaryotic: Cell that has membrane-bound organism and membrane-bound organelles
Disease: Any condition that interferes with how an organism, or any part of it, functions
Flagella: a single thread-like structure on micro-organisms that allows them to move/swim
Heterotroph: Organism that doesn’t produce its own sustenance
Autotroph: Organism that produces its own sustenance, either by itself or from sunlight(photosynthesis, produces sugar from carbon dioxide, water and sunlight)
Bacteria: Single-celled organisms that are prokaryotic
Virus: Piece of genetic material (RNA or DNA) housed within a protective coat that is not a cell
Protist: Single or multi-cellular micro-organisms (eukaryotes) that aren’t plants, animals or fungi
Fungi: Single or multicellular eukaryotic organism with cell walls made of chitin, and reproduce using spores
Infectious Disease: Disease that can invade the body
Contagious Disease: Disease that can be spread from one organism to another
Non-infectious Disease: Disease cannot be spread from one organism to another
Vaccination: Administration of a material that stimulates adaptive immunity to a disease
Health: Physical condition of an organism, without being affected or infected by a pathogen or other condition
Disease: Abnormal condition of an organism resulting from various causes, e.g. infection
Disorder: Condition that affects the function of the mind or body
Micro-organism: Organism of microscopic or ultra-microscopic size
Infection: Invasion of an organism by a pathogen
Virulence: Pathogen’s or micro-organism’s ability to damage its host
Endemic: Limited to a particular location, region or peopleÂ
Epidemic: Limited to many individuals in a wide area, or a population
Pandemic: Occurring over a wide geographic area and usually affecting a large amount of the population
Outbreak: Sudden occurrences of a disease in a particular time or place
Antigen: something on the cell that is recognised by the immune system
Antibody: protein produced by the immune system which recognises the antigen, and can neutralise it
Immunity: resistance against a particular pathogen through the specific antibodies, lymphocytes or other immune system components